e) Archiv Sandema (Paramount Chief’s Compound)


Vorbemerkung: Bisher konnten nur einzelne Dokumente und Berichte eingesehen werden (S. 220-225 + 1 Seite ohne lesbare Paginierung). Eine vollständige Erfassung ist geplant. Alle mir bekannten Schriftstücke sind handschriftlich verfasst und bestehen aus paginierten A4-Seiten. Interpolationen in eckigen Klammern, die oft die moderne Schreibung von Eigen- und Ortsnameen wiedergeben, wurden durch F. Kröger eingefügt. Die Quellen sind (soweit lesbar) vollständig wiedergegeben worden.

D.C. = District Commissioner, P.C. = Provincial Commissioner; C.C.(N.T.) = Chief Commissioner (of the Northern Territories)


p. 220:

20th December, 1905

Sandema or Sania

Kanjaga                                                             

Paramount Chief of Kanjaga Country

1905 Chief IETA [Ayieta]

Next for stool Imora (not brother or any blood relation?) brother of the Chief

Ieta was made chief of Sandema when the Town was visited by Major R.A. Irwin [ag. Chief Commissioner]. The former Chief Nakon [Anaankum] having died five years previously. The present Chief was the brother of the previous one. From the time that Naku died till Ieta was made chief by Major Irvine the people recognized no one as their Chief.

Ieta was formally recognized by the people as their chief in November 1905 going through the ceremony part of which consists in being locked up in a dark room without being allowed to come out for 7 days.

There are no towns under the Chief of Sandema except Wia (Wiaga) + Saniesse [Siniensi]. No discharged soldiers live in this town.

The crops grown here are the same as in the other towns in Kanjaga.

Kanjaga          Sgd. P.T. Partridge Lt.                       20/XII/05

 

24th May, 1906

Sania was visited on the 24th May 1906 by Capt. A.M. Henry D.C. From information derived from the chiefs of Wia + Sania it would appear that the Chief of Sania is not paramount over the towns of Wia + Saniesse. The last Chief of Sania was Annakomi [Anaankum], who was brother of the present Chief. Annakomi died 5 years ago.

Estimated amount of labour that may reasonably be expected 100. (300 to 400 Sgd. J.O`K)

There are no old soldiers in the town. There are no local permanent traders. The chief manufactures of the town are iron + potmaking. The crops grown are for local consumption. There is a market in the town.

The Chief fetish man is Allonta - the Chief's brother.

The chief fetish place [Siik Tanggbain] is a clump of [Siik-] trees close to the Chief's Compound. The Fetish consists of the slaughtering of cattle re (?) which are offered to the fetish on certain occasions.

There are no Mahommedans residing in the Town.

No big trade routes pass through the town.

Sania                                                   Sgd A.M. Henry Capt.

24/5/1906                                                       Dist. Commd.

 

24th May, 1906

The Town of Sania is divided into the following sections:

OUSOUERA [Awusi Yeri]. GOLU [Goluk, which consists of the sections Kalijiisa, Kobdem and Longsa]. FEISAH [Fiisa]. NIASA [Nyansa]. BILANSE [Bilinsa]. SOUERANSA [Suerinsa]. KANDEM [Kandem]. ALLWIERE [Abilyeri?]. BELINSA [Bilinsa?]. KALBISA [Kalibisa]. ACHOWIERA [Achoakyeri?]. Sgd. A.M. Henry, Capt., D.C.

 

p. 221

14th April, 1907

Sandema was visited by Captain O'Kinealey, 14th April 1907. Additional Sections reported: - BENISEH [=?]. BILIMASI [Bilinmonsa].

The Big Fetish Man - Attanka - lives at Fisi [Fiisa]. On this occasion, the Chief Ieta, in contrast to other chiefs, seemed unwilling. He was told that it would be put on record that I consider him very "slim" - for this rotten reasons, as shown in his yarn about .... (a lion?) stealing his cattle. He has a flag.

Navarro 15.4.07.                                                         Sgd. J. O'Kinealey, Capt.

 

24th October, 1908

At a large palaver held at Navaro on 24/10/08 Copper Money was explained and the Chief of Sandema's son was given 3d in 1d, 3d in ½d + 3d in ¼ to keep as samples.

                                                                                    Sgd. S.D. Nash D.C.

 

10th May, 1909. 

Visited by D.C. Berkeley in connection with runaways from Capt. Nash. The Chief of Saniesse was also present, and sent for one runaway. The Chief says he has no complaints + all his headmen obey him. All the headmen or their representatives were present + these also had no complaints. (H.M.B.)

 

19th June, 1909 

The Chief and headmen were fined 7 cows for disobeying the D.C.

Sgd. A.W. Atkinson. M.O.

 

18th December, 1909

Visited by Capt. Whealer.

 

May 1911

Visited by Capt. Whealer ag. P.C.

 

12th September, 1911

All Headmen of Sections + compound holders present. Seniority of Chiefs explained + Volunteer Corps - twenty recr.; all sons of Chief or headmen of sections willing to join (2.o.w. ???)

 

15th April, 1912

The Election of the Chief of Sandema as Paramount Chief of the Kanjagas approved.

                                                                                                Sgd. C.H. Armitage. C.C.

27th June, 1912

Palaver at Sandema

Section                        Headman                    Section                        Headman

Abbleiri (chiefs)           Annanna                     Longsa                        Ayarrassa

Awuswier                   Azong                         Feesa                          Allafeesa

Achongyeer                Ajala                           Kalbeesa                     Asseerak 

Kuuree [Kori]             Angessibba                  Neeansa [Nyansa]       Anna

Soowarensa                Abilidem                     Balansa                       Acholobba

Belinsa                       Akkaputenum             Kandem                      Achonsee

Golu                          Abupogloo

 

Chief Ieta is dead + the election of his successor is pending. The Chief's son Affoka [Afoko], a tall youth+ likely to make a good successor to his deceased father complains that Aieparo sent to Nalerigu, Awanyiri, Agwanavoo, Addea with presents to try + be made chief.

p. 222:

Aieparo seems to be no relative of late chief, has elephantiasis of right leg + probably would not make a good chief. He is warned to keep quiet till election time.

Assukoro is elder brother of Affoka but waives his claim to the stool as he has Elephantiasis also.

On the advice of Abelladem of Soowor Section [Suarinsa?] it is decided that the chief's son Affoka + the above Aieparo look after the town till election of their Chief.

I am in favour of Affoka being elected. Sgd. S.D. Nash. D.C.

 

Head fetish Man is Allafeesa in Feesa Section. Attanka, his predecessor is dead.

Sgd. S.D. Nash.

 

11th December, 1912

Visited by ag. P.C. for purpose of selecting a new chief in place of the old recently dead (18th May 1911).

The peoples' choice is AFOKO, son of the old Chief. In the presence of the people, the headmen were asked who they wanted. 95% voted for Afoko [Out of 16 Headmen ???? - 12 + 4). The remainder for an elderly Man called YIPARO.

Afoko is duly elected chief. He is the man who always took orders from the Govt. work in his father's time and everything points to his being of Assistance (H.C.W.).

 

26th December, 1912

The son of the Fetish man was brought in by Yiparo who said that he, Yiparo, had been given the fetish + made Chief of Sandema by the Fetish Man, + if he was not allowed to be Chief, the Fetish Man would kill him. The son of the Fetish Man was told to warn his father that if there was any trouble of that sort, the Fetish Man would get trouble from the Govt. in his turn. The Fetish Man is an old man, named AMUUSA. A very strong warning was given (H.C.W.).

 

29th December, 1912, Navarro

Yipari complained during the palaver held yesterday that he was the rightful successor to the stool of Sandema.

After discussion I informed Yiparo that the fact of his having been given the Sandema Fetish + Medicine did not entitle him to become Chief: that Afoko had been elected in accordance with Native Custom + that Afoko could remain Chief of Sandema.

Sgd. C.H. Armitage. C.C.N.T.

 

January, 1913

Visited by Ag. P.C. A new road has been made from Sandema-Wiaga- Bidema-Kanjaga. This road has been completed, trenched, but not ... this month. The Chief of Sandema made himself useful in procuring labour for the work from his subchief. (H.C.W.)

 

25th March, 1913

Aieparo refuses to obey the Chief. Cpt. Musa Talawasey (?) states that he stops people coming to work on the road. Sent to Navaro as a political prisoner - 3 months. Sgd. S.O. Warden.

 

13th April, 1914

Visited by Ag. P.C. Berkeley. No complaints. R.H. [resthouse?] ordered to be repaired.

 

18th May, 1914

Following headmen came in on a 14 days visit for not producing carriers when ordered to do so by the Chiefs: Ananbanga. Kuyiriba. Dickunba. Akanyanni. Sgd. H.W. a/P.C.

 

7th July, 1914

Visited. Spoke to the assembled chiefs + people on the subject of beeswax trading in Coomassie [Kumasi]. Also about reporting outbreaks of infectious diseases.              Sgd. H.W. a/P.C.

 

13th April, 1915

Visited. People warned about raising value of cowries + not accepting British coinage. Heard some complaints. New Chief elected for Fumbissie. Spoke to the people about relicensing their guns.               Sgd. P.W. Breckenridge. C.N.W.

 

12th February, 1916

Visited. Only 4 guns brought in for registration. Chief told that he is responsible for this and the payment of the annual licence.                       Louis Castellain D.C.

 

13th February, 1916

Visited. Chief had no complaints. R.H. in good repair. (name??)

 

11th December,1916

Visited. Chief complained that certain exsoldiers were giving trouble at Kadema + Wiaga. Two of these gentlemen Salafu of Wiaga + Ajigine of Kadema warned.

The Chief was presented with a small medallion + a piece of stuff, from the C.P.N.T. to make a gown. L.C.D.C

 

23th (?) January, 1917

Visited for the purpose of hearing several civil causes also to try + get some recruits for the Regt.               L.C.D.C.

 

15th March, 1917

Visited. Chief produced 6 recruits. L. Castellain D.C.

 

19th May, 1917

Visited by Captain Breckenridge, Nash, Dale Glorsop (??) + Lieut Johnstone for recruiting purposes. Thirty eight sections promised 2 recruits each. This number was not secured, but Sandema behaved very well over the recruiting business + did his best to secure as many boys as possible. Sgd S.D.N.

 

25th July, 1917

Afawko was this day presented with a medium sized medallion by the C.C.N.T. at Navarro. He handed back the small one he received on 11/12/16.

 

21st December, 1917

Visited by C.N.C.P. + D.C. All Kanjarga Chiefs .... except Bechawnsa [Bachonsi], Godembise [Gbedembilisa] + Wiase. P.C. spoke ... recruits + said the Govt. wanted all that they could get. L.. D.C.

 

p. 224

30th December 1917

For decision as to why Sandema should not command Kunkwa see under that place p. 383.

L. Castellain D.C.

18th February, 1918

Visited. no complaints AWL

 

20th March,1918

C.C.N.T. + Ag. P.C. visited + talked about recruiting. AWL

 

2nd April, 1918

Visited. no complaints. AWL

 

2nd July, 1918

Visited. no complaints. AWL

 

29th January, 1920

Visited. a few complaints. WCL

 

31st May, 1920

Visited. no complaints. WCL

 

9th September, 1920

Visited. spoke on recruiting R.. labour and census.

Chief had nothing to report. I asked chief when a new chief of Bachonsa would be elected. Heard a large number of complaints. George B. Freeman D.C.

 

13th September, 1920

Returned from Kanjarga, recruited 25 Rl labours + told the chief to send in 25 more to ...

Heard several complaints + one goat stealing case. George B. Freeman D.C.

 

29th November, 1920

Visited, a large number of complaints heard. Chief complains of increasing insubordination among his people, they refuse to obey his summons and orders, this is borne out by the majority of cases that are brought to the D.C.

I gave the people a short sharp address on the subject. Ordered the Rest House to be put in thorough repair also grass + sticks for the station. George B. Freeman. D.C.

 

December 1922

AFAWKO has been of very great assistance to Government in recruiting of labour for the ...(??). He readily willingly does everything he is called upon to do, he is not ably assisted by his chiefs but notwithstanding works hard to get Builsa country in good order + well ...(??). D.C.

 

24th June, 1924

Visited: Heard two women cases + 1 appeal from Chief of Sandem whose decision I re.... Collected £ 4 in fives from Cattle Ordinance offenders to ...(??) Rinderpest stricken cattle from V.O. having been told perhaps [??]

R.H. in a posh condition. Severely attacked by white ants + in all probability a fresh site for a new R.H. will have the [to be?] chosen unless the insects can be ousted. Laye [?] market today.

Nainfais (???) D.C.

 

p. 225:

1921 Census return.

 

Headmen 1926                       Sections          Nr of Compounds       Inhabitants

ABA                                      Abilyire                      51                    854

AKAMBE                              Awusuyire                  29                    348

(AKANAKO)

ABUSCOLO                          Kalbisa                       29                    384

AKALINIA                            Achogyire                   14                    122

AYIDEM

AKOMBONA                        Nyansa                        52                    669

AKAINYAME                        Kobdem                      19                    278

AYALASA

ANOLABOI                           Bilinsa                        101                  1125

AKANAVARO                       Kanasa                        25                    374

ABOKOKONGO

AKANDOKO                         Kaljisa                        93                    1051

ABILADEM

ATONLEBE                          Siuvarransa

                                             [Suarinsa]                     41                   428

AWENDAGI                          Pungsa                        25                    347

AKWAN                                Kore                            96                  1032

....

AKANADSE (?)                      Tankunsa                    42                    483

...ZABOI                                Balansa                       171                  2156

ALAFISA                               Fisa                             29                    379

ATEMA                                 Kandem                      62                    568

AFRONOPOI                         Longsa                        27                    313

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                                                906                  10,911

 

9th June, 1924 [Handschrift nur sehr schwer lesbar]

Visited + remained two (?) days. Chief of Sandema complained that the Chief of Doninga sues not concerning his messages in coming when called ... that he did not go to Chuchilliga last month to meet his Excellency. I did not like the Chief of Doninga's ... particularly his manners towards me. So opened a ... in Navaro for his disrespect to H.C. to depart (?) £5 for one year to keep the peace with the Chief of Sandema + to obey his summons.

 

20th November, 1925 Visited.

 

9th March 1926 Visited.

 

30th March, 1926

On proceeding on leave I want to put on record the splendid work the Chief of Sandema has done recently. He has followed me to every division on various tours - has shown good sense + tact. It is largely due to him... [Ende Seite 225]

 

[Seitenzahl nicht lesbar]

ADM 3/511 Navrongo District Record Books.

Note.- There is a bad native custom whereby fathers marry their daughter two or three times, taking a dowry each time.

If any children of one of the marriages are claimed the giving them up is held to nur.. [?] the parent for the dowry, which is not rea... I want to try + stop the taking of more than one dowry + the Chiefs are instructed that the following is the rule in future. -

Whenever the head of a family accepts a dowry for a woman on whom one has already been paid the former (first) husband can claim the return of the dowry he paid from the head of the family as well as any children of which he is the father.

24 OCT 1928                          P. S. Whiptail. COMMISSIONER, N. PROVINCE, N.T.

 

N.T. This does not apply to 2nd or later husbands, who knew the woman had been married. They can claim the dowry, - NO children. P.S.W.

 

            For Seduction see on Chiefs List Page...

 

Randbemerkung in anderer Schrift am Unterteil des Hauptabschnitts: Contrary to custom / Kassena. They will claim either dowry or children, not both.